Water District 5

The Ulysses Town Supervisor and (long time proponent of WD5) has called a second meeting in two weeks (outside of regular town board meetings) in-order to discuss WD5. Apparently we are again coming up on a deadline within which to apply for a loan. I wish that he would go a little slower on this. I am not convinced that this plan is good for Trumansburg or Ulysses as a whole. These weekday, daytime meetings are nearly impossible for many of us to attend, including some of the town board members that have regular jobs.

The meeting is tomorrow (Thursday) at the town hall (I assume - it's not on their website) at 8:30 am

I am running for a trustee position on the village board. It is my understanding that a "Memorandum of Understanding" from the Trumansburg Village Board, would be required for the town of Ulysses to go forward with this WD5 plan. I would be in favor of a water infrastructure project, if everyone was informed every step along the way in a very open process, and we then voted upon the project, with all members present. Calling these weekday, daytime meetings is not conducive to the kind of process that I would like to see. (I'd like to go tomorrow, but I've got work to do and bills to pay) If the supervisor is in a rush because low interest money is available for a limited time only, I'd say no thanks. Let's be sure this is what we want before worrying about the loan.

I'm going to write to my representatives. If you care to join me, here is their contact information,

Rod Ferintino----------rodf@twcny.rr.com
Lucia Tyler------------Tyler.lucia@gmail.com
Doug Austic-----------tousuper@twcny.rr.com
Liz Thomas------------egt3@cornell.edu
Dave Kerness----------djkerness@gmail.com

Below is a very informative letter that Dr. Robert Howarth sent to the supervisor after the first of these special meetings. Dr. Howarth is a biogeochemist and aquatic ecosystem scientist with more than 30 years of experience in water quality issues. He is a resident of Ulysses.


Dear Mr. Austic:

I have learned that at yesterday's special meeting of the Ulysses Town Board, you criticized my statement that the proposed ethanol plant in Seneca County poses a significant threat to water quality in Cayuga Lake, calling it a scare tactic. I could not attend the meeting yesterday due to work commitments, and so I am hearing of your criticisms only second hand. However, I note that you have never communicated any such concerns directly to me, despite my repeated offers to meet with you and the Board and despite my openly providing written information to you.

I write now in response to the comments you made, which include some major errors and some highly questionable statements. I am copying members of the Town Board and the chairs of the Comprehensive Plan Committee, the Planning Board, and the new Water Committee for their information.

Error #1: You apparently stated that the proposed plant is "way more than 20 miles away" from any area in the Town of Ulysses. You are dead wrong, as anyone with a local map can verify. The proposed site is in the southern part of the old Seneca Army Depot in the Town of Romulus. All of the Village of Trumansburg and approximately half of the land area in the Town of Ulysses is within 20 miles. And of course 20 miles is not a physical barrier to moving dried brewer's grain or manure; rather, the economics become less favorable as the distance increases, and most economic models suggest the greatest risk is within 20 miles. All of the Town of Ulysses is close enough to be at some risk.

Error #2: You apparently stated that a large CAFO could not be built in the area because there is not enough land to spread the resulting manure. While it is true that there are constraints on how much manure can be spread, it is not true that this constraint would prevent the construction of one or more new CAFOs. CAFOs now require a SPDES permit, and as part of the application process, the owner needs to certify to the DEC that they have a "comprehensive nutrient management plan" (CNMP). In turn, the CNMP would include specifications on the spreading of manure. Interestingly, the CNMP is not filed with the DEC; rather, only the certification that there is a CNMP is filed. Spreading manure on land owned by the CAFO is one option for disposing of the waste. Another option is to sell the manure to another farmer; if that farmer does not also own a CAFO, they do not need to have a SPDES permit or CNMP. Other options are to landfill the manure, to digest it, or to compost it. Of these, the best environmentally would be to digest the manure to produce natural gas for energy, and then convert the waste from that in dried, pelletized fertilizer. But there is no guarantee that new CAFOs would follow that path. The most likely path is that the manure be spread to the maximum amount allowed by nutrient management plans, with the rest disposed of in some other fashion. This means there is significant risk of much greater spreading of manure in the Town of Ulysses than occurs at present, and this poses a potentially significant water quality risk to Cayuga Lake (not to mention odors, etc.), as well as local streams and groundwater supplies. I note that the business plant for the proposed ethanol plant calls for selling large amounts of distiller' grain, and this makes economic sense only if CAFOs are built relatively nearby (see below for more information).

Questionable statement #1: You apparently stated that no one knows if the ethanol plant will actually be built. The momentum behind building the plant is great, with support from the State, from Seneca County, and from the Town of Romulus. Tax breaks and government incentives are in place ( https://www.nysdot.gov/portal/page/portal/news/press-releases/2006/2006 ). And according to the Seneca County Chamber of Commerce, $115 million in private funding has been identified; 100 investors have partnered with the owner, a California based company ( http://www.senecachamber.org/pages/advocacy/).

Questionable statement #2: You apparently stated that the population density is sufficiently high in Ulysses as to discourage CAFOs. There are no regulations in New York State against putting CAFOs into even heavily populated areas. As you are aware, local zoning cannot prevent CAFOs in agricultural areas in New York State; as you know, home rule applies to most Town actions, but not to any effort to exercise control over agricultural activities in State-designated agricultural areas (which encompasses much of the area of WD5 as currently proposed). Some CAFO owners undoubtedly favor locating in areas of low population, as this reduces complaints from the public. However, CAFOs frequently are built in relatively populated areas, including areas with greater population density than here. Drive down to Lancaster County in Pennsylvania for an example of this (I suggest doing so in the spring, when the pungent odor permeates the entire county).

I also am told that at yesterday's meeting, Rod Ferrentino pointed out that we already have at least one CAFO in the Town. I believe we have at least 3, perhaps more. According to the DEC, the only CAFOs in Ulysses are medium ones; for dairy farms, this means they have between 200 and 699 cows ( http://www.dec.ny.gov/permits/36895.html). The farm that Roxanne and I own abuts one of these CAFOs, and for the past 22 years, I have considered them to be good neighbors. I also grew up next door to such a farm in New Hampshire. This scale of farming is a desirable aspect of rural life, in my opinion.

The concern I am raising regards a very different scale of operation -- with potential for much greater pollution -- when considering the waste from the ethanol plant proposed for Seneca County. After corn is digested to make ethanol, the waste material is called brewers grain or distillers grain. The business plan for the proposed plant calls for selling 175,000 tons (dry weight) of this material each year ( http://www.senecachamber.org/pages/advocacy/). That is enough to support 40,000 head of cattle in CAFOs, and these CAFOs are most likely to be within 20 miles of the plant because of the cost of transporting the distillers grain (Simpson, T. W., A. N. Sharpley, R. W. Howarth, H. W. Paerl, and K. R. Mankin. 2008. The new gold rush: Fueling ethanol production while protecting water quality. Journal of Environmental Quality, in press). This is a scale of operation that is 50- to 100-fold greater than our community has ever experienced, and I would think there might be a high probability that these facilities would be run by absentee owners (as no one is likely to want to live near them).

Putting municipal water into agricultural areas in Ulysses increases the risk that these CAFOs (and perhaps associated slaughter houses and meat processing plants) could be sited in our Town. I believe that this is an unnecessary and unacceptable risk, and one that should be given serious consideration as part of the Comprehensive Planning process for land use and development of municipal water in the Town.


I ask that you set the record straight at the next meeting of the Ulysses Town Board, with a retraction of your incorrect statements.

Thank you,

Bob Howarth